HKSI Institute AR2020

95 香港證券及投資學會 二零二零年年報 3 Changes in accounting policies (continued) HKFRS 16, Leases (continued) Further details of the nature and effect of the changes to previous accounting policies and the transition options applied are set out below: a. New definition of a lease The change in the definition of a lease mainly relates to the concept of control. HKFRS 16 defines a lease on the basis of whether a customer controls the use of an identified asset for a period of time, which may be determined by a defined amount of use. Control is conveyed where the customer has both the right to direct the use of the identified asset and to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from that use. The Group applies the new definition of a lease in HKFRS 16 only to contracts that were entered into or changed on or after 1 April 2019. For contracts entered into before 1 April 2019, the Group has used the transitional practical expedient to grandfather the previous assessment of which existing arrangements are or contain leases. Accordingly, contracts that were previously assessed as leases under HKAS 17 continue to be accounted for as leases under HKFRS 16 and contracts previously assessed as non-lease service arrangements continue to be accounted for as executory contracts. b. Lessee accounting and transitional impact HKFRS 16 eliminates the requirement for a lessee to classify leases as either operating leases or finance leases, as was previously required by HKAS 17. Instead, the Group is required to capitalise all leases when it is the lessee, including leases previously classified as operating leases under HKAS 17, other than those short-term leases and leases of low-value assets which are exempt. For an explanation of how the Group applies lessee accounting, see note 2(g). At the date of transition to HKFRS 16 (i.e. 1 April 2019), the Group determined the length of the remaining lease terms and measured the lease liabilities for the leases previously classified as operating leases at the present value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using the relevant incremental borrowing rates at 1 April 2019. The weighted average of the incremental borrowing rates used for determination of the present value of the remaining lease payments was 4.76%. 3 會計政策的修訂 （續） 《香港財務報告準則》第 16 號「租賃」 （續） 下文載列了以往會計政策變動的性質和 影響以及所採用的過渡方案的詳情： a. 新的租賃定義 租賃定義的變化主要涉及控制權的 概念。《香港財務報告準則》第 16 號根據客戶是否在一段時間內控制 被識別資產的使用（可能依據一定 的使用量來釐定）來對租賃作出定 義。若客戶不但擁有主導被識別資 產使用的權利，還有權獲得使用被 識別資產所產生的幾乎全部經濟利 益，則資產的使用權發生讓渡。 本集團僅對在二零一九年四月一日 或之後訂立或變更的合約應用《香 港財務報告準則》第 16 號的新租賃 定義。對於在二零一九年四月一日 之前訂立的合約，本集團已採用與 過渡相關的簡便實務操作方法，沿 用此前針對現有安排是否為租賃或 包含租賃的評估結果。因此，此前 根據《香港會計準則》第 17 號被評 估為租賃的合約在《香港財務報告 準則》第 16 號下繼續作為租賃進行 會計處理，而此前被評估為非租賃 服務安排的合約繼續作為待執行合 約進行會計處理。 b. 承租人的會計處理和過渡影響 《香港財務報告準則》第 16 號移除 了《香港會計準則》第 17 號關於承 租人需將租賃劃分為經營租賃或融 資租賃的要求。相反，本集團在作 為承租人時需將所有租賃予以資 本化，這包括此前根據《香港會計 準則》第 17 號劃分為經營租賃的租 賃，惟短期租賃及低價值資產租賃 除外。本集團如何應用承租人的會 計處理解釋，參閱附註 2(g) 。 於過渡至《香港財務報告準則》第 16 號當日（即二零一九年四月一 日），本集團就先前分類為經營租 賃的租賃釐定剩餘租期的長度，並 按剩餘租賃款項現值（使用於二零 一九年四月一日的相關遞增借款利 率進行貼現）計量租賃負債。用於 釐定剩餘租賃款項現值的加權平均 遞增借款利率為 4.76% 。